What Is Cardiomyopathy?
Cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the heart muscle.
In cardiomyopathy, the damaged heart muscle becomes enlarged, thick, or rigid, and cannot pump blood effectively.
It's the leading cause of heart failure and the most common reason for needing a heart transplant.
Unlike other heart problems, cardiomyopathy frequently affects younger people.
Cardiomyopathy risk factors
Cardiomyopathy risk factors include:
- A family history of cardiomyopathy
- Heart failure
- Sudden cardiac arrest
- Coronary artery disease
- Viral infection
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- High blood pressure
- Alcoholism or drug abuse
- Certain chemotherapy medicines
- Conditions that can damage the heart, such as:
- Hemochromatosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Amyloidosis
Cardiomyopathy types and complications
Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Most common form
- Damaged heart muscles lead to an enlarged and floppy heart
- Heart stretches as it tries to compensate for weakened pumping action
- Often produces signs of congestive heart failure, such as breathlessness and fluid retention
- Can lead to the formation of clots
- Rarely, can occur after pregnancy, this is known as peripartum cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
- Second most common form; most often inherited
- Causes heart wall to thicken, leaving less space for blood in the chambers and making the heart work harder to pump blood out
- Can affect people of all ages
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Causes portions of the heart wall to become rigid and lose flexibility
- Heart chambers are unable to fill with blood properly because of stiffness in the heart
Why choose the UPMC Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center for care?
At UPMC's Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) Center, people with HCM have access to:
- Coordinated, state-of-the-art care for the diagnosis and treatment of this complex heart disease.
- Innovative treatment options based on the latest research protocols for HCM.
- A team of experts in HCM disease management, advanced cardiac imaging, and cardiovascular genetics.
To make an appointment or refer a patient, contact the Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center at UPMC's Heart and Vascular Institute.